Chinese and Western International Relations Theories

Chinese and Western International Relations Theories Chinese old school of thoughts[1] and Western International Relations hypotheses: A similar report Presentation Foundation of the examination The investigation of global relations has traditionally centered around the reason for war and the states of harmony. With China’s overpowering monetary development and dynamic strategy taking part in universal undertakings, various worries of China’s rising force have become needs on worldwide political plans, which likewise lead to numerous scholastic investigates on the way where China rises. The expanding considerations are attracted to Chinese points of view of between states relations, in light of the fact that there are exceptional alternate points of view and activities among China and western nations, for instance, China’s frank restriction to universal activity against Libya, Syria, North Korea, and Iran. China’s no-string appended remote guide strategy on African nations has been every now and again denounced as help to degenerate and severe tyrants and a blockade of popularity based advancement, while the vast majority of western nations force change conditions when giving guide. In that capacity, the ascent of China has not just tested the worldwide the state of affairs, yet additionally tested the tried and true way of thinking on global relations.[2] (Deng, 2008) As an outcome, discusses are fixated around inquiries on whether China’s rise will be a danger to the provincial harmony and world security. In the course of recent decades, numerous western researchers have theorized that China will oust the ebb and flow western-situated universal request and reshape the standards of the world so as to support its inclinations; can China calmly supplant U.S as a superpower; will China’s rise bring about military clash with its neighbor nations? Proclamation of the issue There has been no lack of examination on China’s potential to turn into a superpower. Notwithstanding, the western experience and musings as a rule presume that China’s developing force will be profoundly hazardous and risky to the remainder of world. It is difficult to get a comprehensive clarification of the previously mentioned contrasts from the undeniable financial and geopolitical perspective alone. One needs a comprehension of the Chinese basic beliefs and perspective which originates from Chinese way of thinking. Albeit contemporary China has fused outside musings including Marxism and Capitalism into its political and social framework, old way of thinking despite everything assumes an impressive job in its arrangement making and in the global relations. As Rosita Dellios called attention to, for western government officials and researchers, any nation whose activities have gigantic effect on the â€Å"high politics† on the global stage, merits learning at a more profound hypothetical level, specifically its way of thinking and viewpoint on the world request. The significance of the Chinese schools’ lessons on between state relations can't be overestimated. It shapes strategy makers’ thoughts, which thus impact China’s international strategy and conduct. An appropriate comprehension of China’s reasoning concerning International relations and the perspective on the world issues will assist with expanding the comprehension, the reasons for strife and the condi tion for harmony as to the ascent of China. In addition, the significance of culture and philosophical contemplations in IR hypothesis has as of late been featured by the distribution of a book named â€Å"The return of culture and character in IR theory†, which called attention to that the topic of culture, philosophical idea and personality have consistently been a piece of our investigation of the social world, regardless of whether as a rule thought little of. The arrival of culture and philosophical contemplations has been realized mostly by the disappointment of the customary, positivist, neo-pragmatist school to foresee occasions related with the completion of the Cold War. IR researchers are currently recovering society and character because of their mounting challenges with exponential increment in worldwide heterogeneity and assorted variety. (Chan,1999) Points and goal The destinations of this examination are two-overlay. Right off the bat, it looks for analogies and dis-analogies between significant Western International Relations hypotheses and the philosophical customs of China’s Spring Autumn and Warring states period. This is performed in view of the topic of commensurability. Besides, it will look at the impact of old Chinese philosophical contemplations on contemporary Chinese strategy maker’s origination of universal relations in moving toward worldwide issues. These two goals are firmly related. As Dr. Henry Kissinger was refered to in Yan Xue Tong’s book: If China turned into a solid politically influential nation, the Chinese government would receive antiquated Chinese way of thinking as opposed to Marxism or Liberalism to manage its international strategy and the individuals outside China would be anxious to find out about these old Chinese philosophical contemplations. (Yan, 2013) This exploration plans to overcome any issues between Western investigations of the Chinese interstate relations and China’s own impression of its ascent in world governmental issues. My anxiety isn't just to investigate the shared characteristic yet in addition to instigate the repeat of a wide assortment of philosophical practice in contemporary world legislative issues. Cutoff points of the Study There is adequate exploration on different old Chinese schools of reasoning on moral thoughts and household administration. This examination will just talk about traditional Chinese idea on between state relations, interstate request, move of domineering force and world authority. The point of this exploration is to establish a framework for authentic discourse of human advancements among East and West regarding viewpoints of worldwide relations. This is relied upon to be conductive to a common learning process and can possibly improve present day IR hypothesis by throwing Chinese contemplations. Exploration Questions Is there any shared trait between Western IR speculations and old Chinese ways of thinking, where does it emerge and what structure does it take? Does antiquated Chinese way of thinking of interstate relations despite everything have suggestions on contemporary Chinese international strategy? Approach This examination will on a level plane compare Western IR speculations and significant antiquated Chinese schools of theory (Legalism, Confucianism, Daoism and Guan Zi’s contemplations) by looking at their scientific philosophy, fundamental contentions, sees on authority, and their exact ramifications for China’s rise. Analogies and dis-analogies in those philosophical practices will be followed out among Chinese and Western reasoning. Vertically, examination among contemplations of Chinese thinkers will likewise be utilized. As indicated by Waltz’s three degrees of investigation of global relations (Individual, State, and System), Confucius broke down interstate relations dependent on singular virtues. Guan Zi and Han Fei Zi’s investigations in any case, stress the degree of the state. Lao Zi (Daoism) leads his investigations at the framework level, from the point of view of the abrstract world. Correlations between Chinese old style schools of reasoning and western IR hypothesis will be utilized as follows: Legalism (Xun Zi and Han Fei Zi) VS. Authenticity Quickly, Xun Zi (313-238 BC) and his understudies, for example, Han Fei Zi, have a dim thought of the human instinct similarly as authenticity. This isn't not at all like Machiavelli’s and Hobbes’s condition of nature, which they portrayed as a condition where men are occupied with a war of all against all, continually battling for endurance. As indicated by Classic authenticity researcher Morgenthau, the human instinct is sane, vain and continually looking to boost power. These humanities premises can be moved to the conduct of a state in a universal framework. Xun Zi and Han Fei Zi additionally portrayed human instinct are horrendous, continually seeking after personal responsibility and advantage. Xun Zi accepted that the thoughts of a state’s pioneer have a deciding job on its temperament. The solidness of the global framework relies upon the idea of the state. Xun Zi recorded essential good administrators, for example, validity and trust among partners as fu ndamental for a pioneer to increase world initiative. In the event that a gave order ends up incurring misfortune for the legislature however advantage the individuals, the administration ought to maintain it instead of lose the trust of his kin by relinquishing it; if a confirmed bargain between partners is in strife with a state’s personal matters, the state ought not pull back from it as to not lose the trust of his partners. An ongoing model for this is the convention of Kyoto; the US, ordinarily accepting the job of the world head, evaded its duty to diminish ozone depleting substance emanation and has been accused for this by different countries. Xun Zi stresses the significance of believability among partners to pick up hegemonial power, as opposed to utilizing stunts to swindle its partners. Likewise, the correlation not just uncovers matches among Machiavelli’s and Han Fei Zi’s contemplations about the politic reality and profound quality, yet in additi on show unpretentious contrasts between them. Guanzi’s musings VS. Neoliberalism Guan Zhong (d. 645 B.C.) was a head administrator of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn period, the Guan Zi is one of the㠣â‚ ¬Ã¢â€š ¬collections of Guan Zhong’s musings concerning diplomacy. Guan Zhong’s local arrangements and discretionary system helped the Qi state to turn into the main state and hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period. Guan Zhong accepted that the monetary prosperity was the establishment of a state. â€Å"When the storage facilities are full, the individuals will know legitimacy and control. At the point when their food and attire is sufficient, they will know the respect and shame†[3]. This mirrors the basic idea of the objective person. Individuals with adequate riches would be handily developed with goodness and manners, and be mor

Hispanic/Latino Spirituality Paoer Free Essays

Mysterious authenticity is where enchantment components are a characteristic part in an in any case commonplace, reasonable condition. It has been said that â€Å"Magical authenticity is a continuation of the sentimental pragmatist custom of Spanish language writing and its European counterparts† (Faris). Supernatural authenticity permits the creator to extend character’s ascribes to relatability. We will compose a custom article test on Hispanic/Latino Spirituality Paoer or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now One case of this happens when a character keeps on being alive past the typical length of life and this is unobtrusively delineated by the character being available all through numerous ages. On a superficial level the story has no unmistakable enchanted traits and everything is passed on in a genuine setting, yet such a character disrupts the guidelines of our genuine world. The creator may give exact subtleties of this present reality, for example, the date of birth of a reference character and the military enrollment age, however such realities help to characterize an age for the fabulous character of the story that would end up being a strange event like somebody living for a long time. Educator Matthew Strecher characterizes enchantment authenticity as â€Å"what happens when a profoundly point by point, reasonable setting is attacked by something excessively abnormal to believe†. This basic point of view towards mystical authenticity comes from the Western reader’s disassociation with folklore, a base of otherworldly authenticity all the more effectively comprehended by non-Western societies. (Faris) Western disarray in regards to otherworldly authenticity is because of the â€Å"conception of the real† made in a supernatural pragmatist text: as opposed to clarify reality utilizing characteristic or physical laws, as in regular Western writings, mysterious pragmatist messages make a reality â€Å"in which the connection between occurrences, characters, and setting couldn't be founded on or defended by their status inside the physical world or their typical acknowledgment by middle class mentality† (Flores). In Sandra Cisneros’, Ghosts and Voices: Writing from Obsession, she subtleties her personal history and makes a feeling of disconnectedness with her general surroundings. She uncovers feeling isolated from society in her perusing and composing. Her depression from being the main little girl in a group of children and her failure to make companions isolates her further from the intelligent regularity of society. â€Å"Instead of composing by motivation, it appears we compose by fixations, of that which is most brutally pulling at our psyche†¦ there is the important period of managing those phantoms and voices most desperately frequenting us, day by day† (Cisneros, Ghosts, 49). This absence of a feeling of having a place brings about partition and seclusion, which impacts her feeling of network and uncovers her thoughts regarding her own way of life. Cisneros doesn’t utilize the components of mystical authenticity to reveal to her story. Or maybe she utilizes her culture’s strict components to portray her childhood. It is important to comprehend the culture’s religion so as to accomplish an immediate portrayal of its significance to the authentic, socio-political, and social settings to the story. The most effective method to refer to Hispanic/Latino Spirituality Paoer, Papers

Career competence Essay Example for Free

Profession fitness Essay 1. Make one expert objective utilizing the SMART objective setting procedures you learned in Week Two. How did the aftereffects of the Career Interest Profiler and Career Plan Building Activity on Competencies add to your expert objective turn of events? One profession objective is wrap up my degree here at the University of Phoenix. By doing this not exclusively will I have a degree yet I will recognize the stuff and what’s essential with regards to going into business. Once I’ve expanded my insight into the business tip, I will be able to boost in my profession. 2. Portray how you will adjust scholarly desires and your own and expert duties. I will adjust scholastic desires and my own and expert duties by following my week after week plan. My timetable encourages me deal with my time so I won’t dawdle excessively or invest a lot of energy doing extra-curricular exercises. I likewise booked available time since individual issues can create at some random time, that way I can see to my own issues too. 3. In what manner can understanding the significance of SMART models and your profession advantages and capabilities assist you with advancing toward your vocation and scholastic objectives? By applying these principles of SMART, I know precisely what is expected of me to finish my objectives. Keen models expels any superfluous headings that isn't required in achieving your objective which makes it progressively sensible. I believe that objectives are a lot simpler to accomplish when you’re utilizing SMART measures

Emersons Experience A Close Reading Essay -- essays papers

Emersons Experience A Close Reading In Experience, Ralph Waldo Emerson expounds on the human condition shared by all in his extraordinarily â€Å"Emersonian† point of view. Maybe one of his best works is Experience, an exposition regarding a matter of which Emerson had much â€Å"experience† and individual pain. To completely acknowledge Emerson, the peruser should intently break down his composition, with the two its conspicuous significance, and the involvement wherein he’s composing. One specific passage is particularly smooth, and warrants nearer examination: â€Å"People lament and wail over themselves, yet it isn't half so awful with them as is commonly said. There are states of mind in which we court enduring, with the expectation that here, at any rate, we will discover reality, sharp pinnacles and edges of truth†. Emerson’s preparing as a priest radiates through here, as he guides the distress stricken that things are not as awful as they appear. Individuals who are bothered regularly want to discover some reality toward the finish of their enduring to cause it to appear to be some way or another beneficial. â€Å"But it ends up being scene-painting and fake. The main thing misery has shown me, is to realize how shallow it is. That, similar to all the rest, plays about the surface, and never brings me into the truth, for contact with which, we would even address the exorbitant cost of children and lovers†. Emerson’s starter sente nces were just intended to start to expose what's underneath - presently he is testing the core of the issue. He is expressing that there is no profound importance uncovered when we lose somebody we love. It is to a greater extent a safeguard instrument or a methods for confidence than all else, on the grounds that losing the individuals nearest to us challenges any substantial significance. In the following entry, â€Å"Was it Boscovich who discovered that bodies never come in contact? All things considered, s... ...grandiose association for man, creatures, plants. Emerson implies that melancholy is simply a getaway into self centeredness, a method of denying passing or what it speaks to. For Emerson, life was nothing without confidence in nature. In nature, nothing can live except if something bites the dust. It is all piece of the interminable pattern of life. Experience educated Ralph Waldo Emerson that floundering in sadness gives neither solace nor conclusion. It doesn't address any inquiries and doesn't transform anything. In any case, confidence in nature can offer comfort during life’s darkest minutes. It is a human ‘experience’ which he, luckily, imparted to every one of us. List of sources: WORK CITED O’Keefe, Richard R. â€Å"‘Experience’: Emerson on Death.† ATQ (The American Transcendental Quarterly), v9 n2, p. 119 (11). (June 1995).

Virtual Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Virtual Learning - Essay Example Pursel and Bailey (2005) concentrate on how online computer games can add to the elearning forms and animate them. They investigate various assets exhibiting that there are two essential restrictions of web based learning. Students by and large need inspiration and they don't communicate enough during their online courses. Pursel and Bailey (2005) recommend that so as to improve the elearning prospects new methodologies ought to be embraced by educators. The new age forms data in an alternate manner in contrast with their folks', thus techniques utilized in internet games must be remembered for the virtual learning. The writer's fundamental reason recorded as a hard copy the article is to offer an elective arrangement in defeating the diminishing interest and estimation of courses led on the web. Their endeavor presents imaginative and encouraging model of the learning inside the virtual world. Instruction is an extraordinary resource which changes correspondence in a more significant level. The advantages of good quality online training, anyway are not accessible to the urban segments of society. Pursel and Bailey (2005) give data just about the U.S. purchasers and don't allude to sources about the remainder of the world. Yajnik (2005) noticed that data innovation is such a useful asset, that can possibly make instruction accessible even to individuals in remote areas. The essential impediments absence of intuitiveness and inspiration deficiency that Pursel and Bailey (2005) must be identified with a particular layers from the general public and explanations made about the monetary status from the nation in questions. The speculations conveyed by Pursel and Bailey (2005) show restricted research scope. A dangerous issue is that most of the individuals who drop out of the online courses don't discover them sufficiently trying. It is of basic significance to underline that P ursel and Bailey's (2005) proposition to consolidate computer games techniques into elearning is coordinated mostly to fulfill the necessities of U.S. understudy crowd. In nations with creating economies understudies are happy to participate in a wide range of figuring out how to higher their instructive foundation. Yajnik (2005) proposes that the development in correspondence innovation in India augments the gap between the individuals who approach and the individuals who don't. The fundamental undertaking of elearning techniques isn't to build the social hole presenting computer games procedure, however to make it feasible for immature nations to have similar chances. Executing computer games in the structure of online courses will make prompt prohibition of specific clients. E-learning coaches might not have any desire to hazard data rejection of their understudies by complex structure or excessively expensive programming. Kenya's instruction serve, Professor George Saitoti (refered to in Ogodo, 2007) says that when incorporated into instructive framework the Internet Communication advances have the abilities to improve the conveyance of training through separation learning, give access to widespread computerized libraries, offer manners by which colleges can all around contend and offer upgr ades in scholastic organization (standard. 17). The elearning advancements offer new manners by which the quality and viability of advanced education is conveyed. Anyway the manner by which elearning will be made valuable relies upon the

My 4 Favorite Digital Literacy Articles of 2017

My 4 Favorite Digital Literacy Articles of 2017 (1) If every word published and uttered in the media this year could be encapsulated into a giant Wordle, two words would be dominating all othersâ€"those words are Fake News. Collins Dictionary announced that its word of the year for 2017 is, you guessed it, fake news! As defined by Collins, ‘fake news’ means “false, often sensational, information disseminated under the guise of news reporting. The word saw an unprecedented usage increase 365% since 2016 on the Collins site. It is no wonder that when I sat down to consider my favorite digital literacy articles of 2017, I noticed a common thread. Three dealt with the very real reality of fake news. As a library media specialist and an educator, I am keenly aware of the need to build digital literacy into what I teach. I see this article as a retrospective of 2017 through the lens of digital literacy. Three of the articles center around the theme of fake news, the other deals with virtual anxiety. In addition to the articles, I also present a novel way of motivating students to get into the frame of mind for media appraisal. 5 Takeaways from News Literacy EdCamp by Michele Kirschenbaum / We educators need to keep in the know through professional development. In August, Library Media Specialist Michele Kirschenbaum (in-house librarian at and author of articles on APA format, MLA format, what is a bibliography, and other articles)  did just that by attending a News Literacy EdCamp sponsored by the News Literacy Project and Time Magazine. As a follow up, she wrote this great article that highlights key takeaways that are the most useful for use in the classroom or library. For instance, in the article, Kirschenbaum discusses the differences between fake news, misinformation, and propaganda. The term ‘fake news’ is constantly misused, so this article provides easy to understand definitions of all three. She then talks about bias and neutrality in the media and presents ways students can take a step back from the article to consider the author’s point of view. The rest of the author’s takeaways deal with practical ways students can build their fake news detection and handling skills. Learning by doing is a fantastic way to authenticate the learning process. Why not have students create their own fake news? My favorite takeaway in this article was about CloneZone. On the site, users can manipulate and edit any website’s text and upload his/her own visual content. The user can then create a URL and share the cloned page far and wide. First, this is totally scary. Second, what an amazing way for students to really question what they consume and internalize the sophistication for producing fake documents that have a ring of truth. Third, this is TOTALLY SCARY! Learning to Spot Fake News: Start With a Gut Check by Anya Kamenetz / NPR Something that is barely discussed in teaching circles is the idea of intuition, and how we can develop students’ awareness when something just does not feel right. My next favorite article of 2017 is one from NPR that deals with learning to spot fake news by using a ‘gut check.’ The article talks about an educational initiative that will be introduced in 10 universities across the country whose goal is to teach students to classify “facts” they read as trustworthy or untrustworthy. Reporter Anya Kamenetz interviewed news literacy expert Mike Caulfield, director of Blended and Networked Learning at Washington State University in Vancouver, about the project and his belief that we need a different approach to teaching digital literacy. In the article, Caufield says that rather than focusing on close reading, students need to think like a ‘“fact checker,” who usually gets to the truth of an issue in 60 to 90 seconds. According to Caufield, fact-checkers read laterally, opening tabs on their screen to search and vet information presented in an article. This live-fact checking helps to produce a feeling of credibility or incredulity. Aiding in this appraisal is a gut check. In the article, Caufield also argues that one of the most important weapons of fact-checking comes from our ‘lizard-brain.’ When you feel strong emotionâ€"happiness, anger, pride, vindicationâ€"and that emotion pushes you to share a fact with others, STOP.   This is simple but powerful advice. Evaluating Source in a ‘Post-Truth’ World: Ideas for Teaching and Learning About Fake News by Katherine Schulten and Amanda Christy Brown / The New York Times My next favorite is not an article at all, but a fantastic lesson plan created by The New York Times. Suitable for middle school to high school and beyond, this lesson covers the evaluation of sources in a ‘post truth’ world. It provides thoughtful approaches to teaching and learning about fake news. I particularly like how the lesson is broken down into different ‘problems,’ such as understanding different types of unreliable news, the effects of fake news on democracy, as well as a case study in how fake news spreads. The first problem, and the most important to me, is the question, why does this matter? This problem provides the framework for the rest of them. The resources provided in the lesson are well-curated and certainly useful for educators own knowledge or broadening the scope presented here. Virtual Anxiety: The Disturbing New Reality of Life Online by Olivia Sudjic / CNN The next article is something of a departure from digital literacy for classroom purposes, but certainly worthy of note. The article appeared on CNN Style and tackles the disturbing new reality of life online and it is aptly titled Virtual Anxiety. The author is Olivia Sudjic, a London-based novelist and her debut novel Sympathy looks at the dangers of living our lives online. Sudjic starts and ends the article by referring to Tim Berners-Lee, the English computer scientist and inventor of the World Wide Web. In her estimation, “The Internet promised transcendence of the physical, but has developed into a no mans land where incomprehension, lack of ethics and insufficient regulation meet. This lawlessness at once part of its appeal and its central problem.” I very much like how she points out that in the World Wide Web’s quest to personalize the information that we get, it has, in essence depersonalized us. When we look at ourselves through the lens that the web has created for us and about us, it is almost as if we are looking at a digital doppelganger. A representation of who we are based on our digital footprint. “My life feels as if its not mine at all. I feel like a voyeur pressing my face against the screen of someone elses device, or looking down on myself from above.” Indeed, there is much in this article for both students and educators to ponder and reflect upon. Thoughtful Activity: Hoax Websites My last resource is not an article or a lesson, but instead a great way to build motivation and to provide a solid jumping off point for discussions surrounding satire and how fake news can be an art form. Enter Joseph Reginella, an artist and sculptor from my hometown of Staten Island, and a dear friend’s husband. While on a day trip aboard the Staten Island Ferry with his nephew visiting from Florida, Reginella was inundated with questions. His nephew’s question, “Has the ferry ever sunk?” caused him to come up with the entirely fake but awesome story of a giant octopus taking over the ferry and pulling it down to its underwater lair, leaving no survivors. Told partially to tantalize the boy and partially to get a respite from the inquisition, an idea was born. Starting with a large scale sculpture of the moment of cephalopodic doom, the idea took off into a documentary, a website and became something of an urban legend around here. I narrate the short film that was created to accompany the sculpture. The reaction to this hoax was widespread and positive as educators across the country delighted in how the site had a credible veneer that was clearly fake once you scratched the surface. The site inspired Reginella to dream up another hoax news story, The Brooklyn Bridge Elephant Stampede, the “most horrific land mammal massacre in United States history.” The sites also “reason” that it is perfectly natural not to have heard about these two disasters as Reginella chose two historically significant dates (assassination of JFK and the Stock Market Crash, respectively) as a foil for their lack of coverage in the media. I provide the narration for this documentary as well. I have actually used both of these documentaries and websites to test kids’ instincts about what is credible and what is not. In my experience, these resources opened discussions on classifying news and frameworks, as well as about how to properly appraise media. The websites and accompanying media certainly look very factual, are well produced, and provide inroads for students to think critically about what they read and see and compare it to the ‘yardstick of credulity’ I aim to teach.  [Note: The Ferry Octopus documentary contains profanity. The F-word is used by an actor at 1:28. It is “eye-witness testimony” of the event. If you pause, pick up again at 1:33.] It is obvious with a world such as the one in which we live, our jobs as educators are more important than ever. In a time of post-truth and fake news, literacy and critical thinking skills have never had such significance. As we breathe, eat, and sleep, so must we read, appraise, and critically think. Here’s to 2018! The bibliography linked below was done using . Cite in MLA for free! Need APA style or Chicago manual of style? Use our online guides or subscribe to EasyBib Plus for access to citation styles. Bibliography: http://www.easybib.com/public/list/key/223a94

My First Research Article - Free Essay Example

My first research article, Media violence, and children, Turhan explains the improper functioning by children when meet media violating resources. This article also provides various scientific methods, studies, and theories related to the media and its effects on todays generation. I used the Social learning theory which is related to the main idea of this article. According to the social Leaning Theory, people learn to behave and act by observing people and sources around them. For example, they learn to behave good and bad both by observing different kinds of people in their environment (Bandura, 1977). As this article focuses on the relationship between the violent raising media resources and the children, so it can be said that children develop aggressive behavior by observing violence in the media. Further, observational learning explained that media can impact children for a short and long period of time. Their regular contact with violent enhancing sources makes them aggressive that they look the rest world with a different point of view. Various research studies provided evidences that spending a lot of time with violating means of media make a person aggressive. According to the studies, television is seen as the most effective in contributing aggression in people. A study conducted for 2000 people in the United States revealed that the children from the ages of 8 to 18 spent 7 hours a day with media which means that the two third of people are exposed to TV viewing. (Rideout, Foehr and Roberts, 2010). Moreover, it is also replacing the enrollment of children in active, creative and various social activities. The studies showed the results as an increase in youths before and after the introduction of the television. (Joy, Kimball, and Zabrack, 1986). So, social learning theory and observational theories played a great role in describing the bad impacts of media on adolescence. The Second Research article will explain the childrens behavior, habits, preferences and social environment. It was found that the invention of media sources has made children introvert. It explains that television, computer games, films and videos leave a short-term effect on arousal, emotions and aggressive behavior in children. It also describes that the media impacts the brain and the behavior of people. Many scientific theories and studies tried to know the relationship between the media violence and an increase in aggression in children. Neurologists and cognitive psychologists state that human memory functions as a network of various stimulants in the environment (Bartholow, Anderson, Carnagey et al., 2005). According to the scientific studies, at least 50% of the children spent their time while watching television instead of taking part in outdoor activities. It is only due to the introduction of media sources. Nowadays, television has become a major factor in socialization that influences the lives of children in urban and rural areas. It is found that boys are more aggressive than girls as they are more fascinated by their aggressive heroes like Arnold Schwarzenegger. Children like their media heroes and perceive them as role models. With the arrival of mass-media and films, the number of crimes like assault, theft, sexual assault, and prostitution has increased. It explains that the development in media sources like computers, video recorders, smartphones, computer games, and the internet has attracted a vast number of the population towards it which means that it makes a gap from prosocial responsibilities. The real torture and murder scenes raise violent cults and terrorist guidelines. Moreover, the internet has become a source of pornography for todays generation (Groebel and Hinde, 1991). Many studies put forward the evidence that the children behave as same as they see on screens or observe in their daily lives. The Third article describes the results and some effective methods to control the strong bonding between the media violence and the youth. Here, it is examined the role of parents in monitoring their kids towards the media use and applying different strategies to break the relationship between media violence and adolescents. One of the most common childhood behavioral disorders is Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), that is characterized by loss of interest, hyperactivity, and impulsivity (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This disorder leads one towards the academic failure, drug use and lost interest for society. The strong connection with violent entertainment media, for example, television and videos, films and video games cause the development of ADHD behavior (Kronenberger et al., 2005; Levine Waite, 2000; Zimmerman Christakis, 2007). Moving towards the role of parents to control this habituation of their kids for media, can set up rules for its use. The role of family is effective to control and understand the what media the child using and its results on their minds. Parental Mediation is seen the concerning factor for media and ADHD relationship. There are two types of Parental Mediation that are restrictive mediation (setting up rules for media use) and active mediation (talking about media content with children). The author described three ways to deal with the kids are punishment, being strict, and being supportive and make them understand about the negative effects of excessive use of media sources. So, here in this article, the studies focused on the development of psychological disorders due to the negative influence of media use. The aggressive behavior in the new generation can be controlled by setting up new strategies and rules about violent raising resources. Valkenburg and colleagues (2013). So, three of the discussed articles laid stress on the behavioral changes in children when they approach to the media violation.

A Public School Teacher And A Newcomer - 908 Words

Nancy was a public school teacher and a newcomer to Christopher s. To involve her in the life of the parish, Father Mike asked her to help out with the Sunday school because of her teaching background. One Sunday, after introducing myself, Nancy asked me, â€Å"Why don’t your children attend Sunday school?† I explained, I support Christian education for everyone; however, I also want my children to participate fully in the mainstream worship of the Church. I then added, â€Å"If you re-schedule Sunday school so it doesn’t conflict with worship I will gladly bring them myself.† She stared at me as if I was nuts. Finally, she blurted out, I ve never thought of it that way, but if you ever change your mind feel free to bring them downstairs†¦show more content†¦This includes the proclamation and interpretation of Scripture followed by a common meal. Although Jesus did not directly reveal himself to them, Cleopus and the other disciple recognized Jesus in the breaking of the bread. This is knowledge only God gives. Peter also came to understand the Pascal Reality through the revelation of the Holy Spirit. Peter s confession of Christ at Caesurae Philippi (Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by humans, but by my Father in Heaven† - Matt. 16: 16-17) exposed the human intellect s inability to unite Christ s messiah-ship with Christ s death and resurrection. The Holy Spirit reveals God’s truth, not to the wise, but to those who trust God. Only God s Spirit can impart knowledge of salvation. Jesus instruction to the twelve disciples, Take up your cross and follow me†, further reveals how extemporal realities like the cross guided Jesus’ actions throughout his earthly ministry. The cross produces faith in his followers. Indeed, one can only approach faith non-rationally from ground zero of one’s being. Human understanding falls silent at the foot of the cross. Jesus, at his trial, refused to answer even the slightest of Pilate s questions. The cross would be Pilate s final and only answer. The analytical mind can only grasp lower forms of knowledge such as temporal

The Big Five Personality Traits - 867 Words

Of the Big Five personality traits, I scored highest on neuroticism. I compared myself to my friend. My friend scored highest on extraversion. I scored lowest on extraversion, whereas my friend scored lowest on agreeableness. I was somewhat surprised at my results that my friend received. However, I was not surprised by my results. I am a typically anxious person, so I knew I would probably score high on neuroticism. However, I thought my friend would score higher on agreeableness. I don’t agree with some of these because I believe that my friend falls a little higher on the agreeableness, while I believe we both fall a little higher on the openness scale. I also believe there is more to a person’s personality than that. There are several ways in which the uniqueness of each individual can be portrayed by just a few traits. A lot of times, trait psychologists use the Big Five to measure someone’s personality just because it’s a simple, convenient way to d o it. Another reason psychologists often use the Big Five to measure personality traits is because it seems to capture every possible trait that there could be in a person’s personality. According to the book, it’s easier to use the Big Five because it’s like a radio: would you rather have dozens of radio stations with decent sound or only a few radio stations with amazing sound quality? Of course, most people would want the option of having a few radio stations with the amazing sound quality. Therefore, traitShow MoreRelatedPersonality Traits Of The Big Five915 Words   |  4 PagesAs we all know, humans come in all shapes, sizes, and personalities. A big part of being an adult is entering the work field and finding a career. That’s where the â€Å"Big five† personality traits come in. The five traits that most employers base their tests off of are; neuroticism, extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. So the n ext time you take a pretest for employment would these would be good to keep in mind. Especially when determining if you’re a good fit forRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Traits1020 Words   |  5 PagesThe Big Five Personality Traits Kelly Wilson Benedictine University Organizational Behavior MGT 320-D2A5 Teresa Pavone November 06, 2015 The Big Five Personality Traits Personality traits reflect people’s characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Motivation is a factor that is highly dependent upon personality and because of this, managers must be able to recognize and respond to the different traits. Personality has been studied extensively throughout the years andRead MoreBig Five Personality Traits808 Words   |  4 PagesBig five model †¢ Lewis goldberg proposed a five dimension personality model , nicknamed the big five /five factor theory. †¢ The Big Five model is a comprehensive, empirical, data-driven research finding. †¢ In psychology, the Big Five factors (Five Factor Model) of personality are five broad domains or dimensions of personality which are used to describe human personality. Big five factors are †¢ Factor I: Extraversion. †¢ Factor II: Agreeableness. †¢ Factor III:Read MorePersonality Traits Of The Big Five925 Words   |  4 PagesOne main goal of psychology has been established a model to describe and understand human personality. The five-factor model of personality is the most widely used model in describing personality types. The components of the Big Five are extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. Each of these components have personality traits that are associated with them. Extraversion refers to the degree in which a person is active, energetic, talkative, and assertive. OpennessRead MoreBig five Personality Traits7561 Words   |  31 Pages------------------------------------------------- Big Five personality traits From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In  psychology, the  Big Five personality traits  are five broad domains or dimensions of  personality  that are used to describe human personality. The theory based on the Big Five factors is called the  Five Factor Model  (FFM)[1]  The Big Five factors are  openness,  conscientiousness,  extraversion,  agreeableness, and  neuroticism. The Big five has been preferably used, since it is able to measure different traits in personality withoutRead MoreThe Big Five Personality Traits Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The â€Å"Big Five personality traits† is also called as the FFM or five factor model which is a model formed on general language descriptors of personality. These descriptors are formed jointly utilizing a statistical method known as factor analysis which is stated as this model is not formed on the tests/experiments†. This broadly observed hypothesis recommended 5 wide dimensions, utilized by few psychologists to explain the psyche the personality of the human. These 5 elements are explainedRead MoreEssay on The Big Five Personality Traits997 Words   |  4 PagesReaction Paper #1 The â€Å"Big Five† Personality Traits Throughout our lives, we, as humans, encounter others that we may either have an immediate connection with, must discover more about the individual to determine the relevant connection, or simply, we just cannot manage to maintain a cordial relationship. What determines whether or not we can get along with someone else is defined by an individual’s personality. A personality is an array of â€Å"psychological† characteristics that makes each personRead MoreEssay THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS1629 Words   |  7 Pages The Personality Traits of a Manager Amelia Martin MOD 310: Issues in Management Week 5 September 17, 2014 A person’s personality trait can define who they are. Some can tell these traits by the way a person reacts to certain situations, personal or on the job. A person develop traits from the way they were raised and the environment that surrounded them. Everyone carries some type of personality trait, but no one carries any that are identical. Managers have personality traits just likeRead MoreBig Five Theory Of Personality Traits955 Words   |  4 PagesAmong the many established trait theories, the most widely known and used is the Big Five Theory of Personality Traits. It is a five-factor model composed of the broad personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. There are a variety of ways to assess one’s broad dimensions of personality in these five categories. One of which is Psych Central’s personality assessment that consists of fifty questions in which there is a statement ofRead MorePersonalit y Traits That Make Up The Big Five Traits1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe five personality traits that make up the big five traits. Everyone in the world has theses traits in their personality but have a variation in how strong they are in them. After learning in greater detail about the two ends of the spectrums people can be at or in between we took the BFI to find out where we are on the bell curve for the big five traits. Then we compared our scores with four hundred and fifty-nine other female Luther students to determine our percentiles in the BFI traits. In

Education Essay - 1244 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Most controversies over education are centered around the question of how strictly standards should be upheld. The concern over whether or not flunking students is appropriate or even in the best interest of the student is a widely discussed topic. The argument often begins with students just starting school where the question of standardized testing for kindergartners arises. The majority of people are actually against such testing because they feel that a child who is labeled as a failure at such an early age may be permanently damaged (Bowen 86). The worry over the failure issue is further traced to educators who feel children just entering school are not fully prepared. Teachers are faced with†¦show more content†¦Its givings are based strictly on financial need (Mulcahy 12). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The government is not the only organization avoiding standardized testing; many colleges around the nation, including several elite liberal-arts colleges, have stopped requiring standard test scores for admission. These universities use other information, such as class rank and GPA, to determine eligibility (Goldstein 52-53). There is, however, much opposition to the idea of no tests. Diane Ravitch feels that testing can protect society and encourage students to try harder. She feels that tests are effective as long as students are properly prepared for them in their everyday learning (54). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In more recent headlines, the issue of education and testing has risen again. Both major presidential candidates have voiced strong support of statewide testing in hopes of raising academic standards. This is in response to voter’s strong backing of high-stake testing in the polls. The majority of people included in a recent survey feel that students should have to pass statewide tests to progress to the following grade and even to graduate. For programs started in Texas by Governor George Bush, schools are rewarded and punished according to the student performance. Some critics express concern that pressure on students and teachers is too greatShow MoreRelatedEducation In Education1314 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment). When compared to the United States, the overwhelming difference in intelligence of teenagers between the two countries begs to question if our learning styles work well. If the U.S. can learn and execute decisions in the Department of Education to make it similar to Finland, then public schools will excel. Unfortunately, teachers create the largest obstacle currently stopping the U.S. from becoming like Finland because they do not obtain as much educational experience and skill. In AmericaRead MoreDistance Education : Education And Education1422 Words   |  6 PagesDistance education provides many benefits for the students, faculty, and universities who utilize them. For students, it provides more flexibility for their schedules, the ability to work at one’s own pace, and improves their familiarity with job-friendly technology. It also allows them to receive an education while simultaneously being employed in a full-time job elsewhere—whether that be maintaining a career or caring for a family. Distance education also keeps teaching staff at peak performanceRead MoreEducation Reform : Education And Education1043 Words   |  5 Pages Education Reform School has changed tremendously over time. School was a lot different back then than it is today. Going to school wasn’t offered to everyone. It was only offered to the upper-class. Boys and girls were schooled separately, but today our schools are diverse and have many different kinds of races. Technology did not even exist a hundred years ago but today, we use technology everyday for our schoolwork. Through the course of history, education usually matched the needs of societyRead MoreEducation, Education And Education939 Words   |  4 Pagesamenities such as health, education and security to its citizens. According to Milton Friedman, the government has a very important and critical role to play in the provision of education and more specifically provision of primary education. Government involvement in the education sector can either be in the form of loans, subsidies or grants to provide an enabling learning environment to the needy students. This paper analyzes the r ole of subsidies in the support of higher education based on Friedman’sRead MoreEducation And Influences Of Education1392 Words   |  6 PagesEducation and Influences What does it mean to be educated? When education is thought upon, one would imagine the school system starting with preschool, first grade, second grade, and third grade eventually moving on up to till the 12th. Or One might think that education is having â€Å"street smarts†... knowing which places to avoid in florida versus being a tourist just visiting. Education is defined as: the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or universityRead MoreEducation And Its Impact On Education1706 Words   |  7 Pagesthe way it is in these modern’s period. Education plays a role in a development in a country. When we look at the global as a whole, we would see that educations are a factor that help for war, increase economy, increase political tension, and so on. The foundation of the society is based on education since it brings economic and social prosperity. Gaining education enhances an individual to live a respectful life in the societ y. This is because education offers a setting in which culture and valuesRead MoreThe Importance Of Education In Education744 Words   |  3 PagesIn a democratic education system, there is a balance of authority between the state, the parents, the individual, and the educators. While each group has their own claim to power over the education of children, there is still the question of who should have the most. This question often comes down to the state or the parents because they are the most complicated and influential. The primary goal of democratic education is to equip children with the knowledge and moral character needed to find successRead MoreEducation And Education : The Benefits Of Sport Education1040 Words   |  5 PagesHow we can make a definition for Sport education? It’s a way that you can make your mind and body be more stronger on your education by choosing a good sport. There will are so many good effects by doing sports, for instance, students can be to ugh after they playing basketball, and they can be If we want to analyze the effects , we need to find out the main reason that why students need to do some sports in their education. In the modern life, there are so much pressures in studying, and they canRead MoreEducation And The Education System864 Words   |  4 PagesToday, along with integration with the world on all aspects about education so the education system in my country also has many programs to help students easier gain access to the education of the world including the US. We know that English very important for students when they want to study in US so my education system has built an environment convenient for students such as English center, website, a program teach about English for students when they are at school, and STEAM system for studentsRead MoreEducation : Education And Development1281 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 11: Education and Development Education took a shift in the 1950’s in Latin America. Due to the change of society, education began to shift as well. Education in Latin America went from consumption to production and striving the development of all nations and mass education was the key to access modernization. Schooling was a way of teaching the knowledge, values, and attitudes that would modernize a society as well as uphold the industrial economy. The focal point of education in Latin America

The Relations Between China And China - 1162 Words

In the 1990s during Bill Clintons presidency there was heavy tension between the state of China and their disputed territory of Taiwan (Russell 1). The dispute came about because China felt the island should be a part of China and not separate. However, Taiwan was looking for independence (Russell 4). It an attempt to get people on the side of Taiwanese independence their president, Lee Teng-hui fought to get a visa and eventually came to the United States for a gathering at Cornell University, where he attended college. This visit led to resentment from China (Russell 1). The United States got involved in the China- Taiwan issue by using their military to provide stability in the region between China and Taiwan (Russell 8). The United States during this time period had strong ties with both Taiwan and mainland China, this was mainly because of the economic ties. Taiwan and China are both two prominent trading partners of America (Russell 4). We import heavily from both of these places, and Taiwan imports many American goods as well (Russell 4). Therefore, it was in our best interest, economically, to keep peaceful relations with both China and Taiwan. Decisions made by the United States during this time had serious influences in this region. The United States had a definite interest in maintaining stability in the region and not aligning themselves with one side over the other. To try and sustain a balance the United States intervened with the use of their militaryShow MoreRelatedRelations Between China And China1605 Words   |  7 Pagestoday is with regards to the claim over South China Sea (SCS) between several ASEAN members and China. From the outset, there are vast improvements on relations between China and their ASEAN counterpart mainly due to flourishing economic ties. However, within this prosperous relationship tensions have increased on issues particularly on claimants toward the South China Sea mainly due to territorial and island dispute in the South China Sea area between China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Philippines, Brunei, IndonesiaRead MoreRelations Between China And China1367 Words   |  6 PagesBefore establishing for mal diplomatic relations with China, Singapore was already enjoying close economic and political ties with China albeit on an informal basis. Both countries elevated their relationship to a more formal level by establishing diplomatic relations on October 3 1990. Since then, the economic and trade cooperation between the two nations has expanded steadily and China has become Singapore s largest trading partner in 2014 with the bilateral trade amounting to S$121.47 billionRead MoreEconomic Relations Between China And China869 Words   |  4 Pagesthe other such as the instance of China. Although China stands as one of the biggest communist countries, statistics have shown that â€Å"China is 175.6% dependent on the U.S.† (Chang). Although both divergent from the other, the United States’ bilateral relationship with China is essential and necessary for their success and diplomacy. Through an economic standpoint, â€Å"the U.S. approach to its economic relations with China has two main elements: integrating China into the global, rules-based economicRead MoreUnited States Relations Between China And China Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States of America and China have a complex relationship that has been created through years of interaction. There have been times of great trade and trust between the countries but there has also been great tension. Today America and China trade freely between each other. However, the countries do not completely trust one another due to their opposing views on foreign policy and ideology. These past incidents have created an odd combination of opinions in China and the United States. In myRead MoreRelations Between China And Russia3489 Words   |  14 PagesSince 1980s, international relations has had complicated and profound changes, among which the political complexion between countries is significantly faded. In par ticular, with the speeding of economic globalization and regional economic integration, the important role of economic force is gradually highlighted in the world’s political and economic relations. In recent years, China and Russia, as two of the most important emerging economies, have maintained relatively even economic growth underRead MoreRelations Between China And The United States1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe relations between China and the United States have considerably evolved since the end of the two Wars, and especially since 1978, when Deng Xiaoping gained a de facto leading position in China, taking the country out of isolation and introducing it to modernity and globalization. Since then, China and the United States have undergone through periods of antagonism and collaboration. After a long era in which the US dominated the international system as a hegemonic power, China started to riseRead MoreRelations Between China And The United States1643 Words   |  7 Pagesby the people and the government of that country. China, for instance, is a relation-based country, where the United States is a rule-based country. This means that while the United States conducts business based on laws and regulations, China conducts business based on Guanxi. The word Guanxi translates literally into â€Å"relationships,† where they build trust in one another and develop Guanxi before conducting any business. Because they are relation-based, Chinese people build this network of trustRead MoreForeign Relations Between America And China1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe visit served as an opportunity to bolster US-China relations and cooperation among a variety of global and bilateral issues, endeavoring to close their discord and strive for progress. It also served as a strategic move to improve the relationship between America and China so that they stay on track with their Bilateral Investment Treaty negotiations. The two leaders both addressed issues such as China’s alleged cyberespionage, military relations, people to people exchange, and China’s act of intimidationRead MoreEconomic Relations Between China And Ghana1485 Words   |  6 Pagesjust China giving loans to Ghana, they also have a very stable trading relationship. They have been trading since their economic ties first started and it has been pretty steady. Ghana, however, is not keeping up as quickly with China in the sense of export-import as the gap between the import of Chinese goods and Ghana’s export has widen over the years. Although their exports to imports ratio is not even and the trade imbalance exists, Ghana’s willingness to still continue trading with China turnsRead MoreRelations Between The United States And China1620 Words   |  7 Pageshas maintained an open door policy with China. Throughout the years, relations between the United States and China have changed with several effects on both countries caused by the open doo r policy. Following the Sino-Japanese war from 1894 through 1895, the Chinese government was severely weakened. This meant that China was unable to protect itself from European countries and Japan staking claim throughout the country because although fragile post war, China was a heavily populated nation and offered

The athletic apparel industry of Nike Free Essays

The athletic apparel industry in which Nike is involved is a major money maker in the United States, but the fact that none of the factories are located in North America has brought some heat to the company. Nike controls more than 40 percent of the U.S. We will write a custom essay sample on The athletic apparel industry of Nike or any similar topic only for you Order Now Market for sports related goods, but doesn†t have a single sneaker factory in this country (Miller 1). Nike continues to make millions of dollars yet exploits workers overseas by paying them very little, while requiring long hours without overtime pay in factories that are not up to â€Å"American† standard. Nike subcontractors employ nearly 500,000 workers in plants in Indonesia, China and Vietnam (Saporito 1). The exploitation of workers in Third World counties, where the majority of Nike†s labor is done sparks a controversial issue. People question why is it that Nike continues these practices. According to â€Å"Just do it, Nike,† Nike seems especially fond of doing business in undemocratic countries like China and Indonesia, where the military can be relied upon to â€Å"crack heads† if workers get out of line (Miller 2). The military monitoring has been a large controversy due to the fact that these are often Chinese working against other Chinese workers, or Vietnamese against their own people also. For Nike there are two benefits: it it†s a cheap way to monitor in an overseas factory and it creates a sheaper labor workforce. In turn making the labor cheaper for Nike. This makes it possible for Nike workers from the states to work on other things and only tour the factories when nessecary. While still assuming a stable workforce without good pay. The critics of Nikes labor practices have taken tours and witnessed the mistreatment firsthand. Time magazine reported saying,† The plants were found to be modern and clean, well lighted and ventilated and paying a decent wage by local standards-although by no means are they trouble free. Make no mistake: these are factories not amusement parks, and even in developing Asia, where jobs are scarce and getting scarcer, this is not the job of choice.† (Saporito 1) The wages that the workers overseas are paid is nothing when compared to how much we pay for a pair of shoes or the profit that CEO Phil Knight is making off his sportswear giant he once operated out of the back of his car as a college student. â€Å"A big issue that surrounds sweatshops is wage. The minimum wage often does not reflect the cost of living.† (Hepner Online) Is the wage fair? There are many people who feel the wage is fair and the cost of living is taken into account when the wage is looked at, but studies show otherwise in many factories. Just recently, CNN reported a raise to entry level workers in Indonesia, Nike officials said â€Å"the increase will raise the minimum monthly compensation package-which includes bonuses, housing, healthcare, transportation and meal allowances to approximately $37.14 a month.†(Nike Establishes Labor† Online) To many people living in the U.S., that package may sound good however the compensation package doesn†t do away with the long hours, the poor conditions or the low rate of pay. Many of these workers are young children working to help support their families. The benefits do not make up for the low pay rates that keep them in the work force. The pay is only enough to get by where these children want to be saving in order to leave the factories and return home. In â€Å"Taking a Look inside Nike†s Factories†, part of Bill Saporito†s, â€Å"Can Nike Get Unstuck?† this is what was found. â€Å"Americans pay $100 for a pair of shoes that a worker gets less than $3 a day to make. They pay Michael Jordan $40 million to endorse them. Can†t they find more money to pay the workers? The short answer is no, because corporations pay the going rate for labor whereever they are.† (Saporito 1) If this statement is true Nike pays the wage for the country the factory is in, then what is the controversy about? Much of it stems from the overtime that these workers are forced to work without over time compensation. Here in the United States there are regulations placed on businesses that require then to compensate their workers with a higher wage for over time hours. So since Nike is an U.S. based company should Nike have to pay overtime? The answer is no. Nike doesn†t have to pay overtime like here in the U.S. so they don†t. In Vietnam â€Å"Workers so want a reduction in overtime, the length of annual leave for the Indonesian workers making Nike shoes is more than 30 days though dozens of workers interviewed in November, said the actual amount is 10 days.† (Ballinger 2) There has been evidence of Nike breaking at least nine labor laws in China according to AMRC; a Hong Kong based human rights group that has been monitoring the abuse of human rights in China for the last 20 years. â€Å"Children as young as 13, were found employed in Nike factories, working from 144-192 overtime hours per month to make ends meet.† (Designer 1) Ernest and Young, an accounting firm, hired by Nike, to do research and the issue reported conditions in Vietnam â€Å"where young women toil sixty-five hour weeks for $10, in air so bad that 78 percent of the employees have respiratory problems.† (Miller1) Factory workers endure abuse on the job lacking a voice or ablility to do anything about it. Since Nike contracts out for their factory managers, it has been hard for Nike to regulate what goes on when they are not on their tour or walk through. â€Å"A Korean supervisor in a Vietnam factory was found guilty of beating 15 Vietnamese about the head with a shoe â€Å"upper†, and another Korean supervisor was charged with sexual molestation.† (Saporito 3) In this instance it was not an U.S. supervisor, nor was it a military officer but someone of a different nationality. The hard part is that there are no independent unions and meaningful corporate codes of conduct to discipline management. So workers must turn to the courts for help which is a long fought battle that no one wants to attempt. In one case that made it to, a Vietnamese court recently found a Korean supervisor guilty of beating workers and extradition may be sought for the accused sexual molester who fled. In Indonesia 24 discharged Nike workers are challenging the legality of their dismissal before the country†s Supreme Court (Saporito 3). These are major breakthroughs in the court systems to have someone tried and convicted in these distant countries whose courts are often corrupted. Factory conditions are consistently getting press here in the U.S., as many are angry with Nike for not providing for their overseas employees. The following account is of the conditions in a Chiniese factory: Twelve hour shifts several days a week; wages as low as 16 cents and hour; 16 workers to a dorm room; pregnant women fired. Workers are not allowed to talk. There is constant pressure to produce-workers are yelled at. If you don†t meet your high production quota you must stay until you do-without pay. The factory is noisy, filled with dust and fumes. Workers have fainted, overcome by the long hours and the glue fumes. One worker died; another lost an arm; other has had their fingers broken by the equipment. Most workers have never heard of the Nike code of conduct. There is no union and workers are afraid that if they complain, they will be fired. When a group of workers stopped working in March to protest had not been paid, they were fired. The supervisor warns workers in advance of any inspection, the factory is cleaned and if workers are interviewed it is in the presence of factory management. (â€Å"The Neediest and the Greediest† 4) This is only one description of the factory conditions and the requirements that are put on the workers of these factories, on contract with Nike. In order to deal with the criticism Nike gets about working conditions and pay, â€Å"Nike Inc recently established a new department with a mandate to continue to evolve it†s monitoring of subcontracted manufacturing facilities and to continue to upgrade conditions for workers in subcontracted facilities around the world.† (â€Å"Nike establishes† 1) This department will monitor, compensation issues, benefits, the work environments, recruiting and hiring policies, overtime policies, worker management, environmental issues and supervision of independent monitoring systems. All these are large steps by Nike to improve it†s factories and to repair the relations with people here in the U.S. who are appalled by the reports of poor work environment workers are forced to endure. â€Å"The company has been tarred by an image as a sweatshop operator that exploits Asian workers who make shoes and apparel for Nike subcontractors. Nike†s efforts to be a good corporate citizen, and they have been considerable, have yet to sway the public forum. Basically, our culture, and our style, is to be a rebel, and we sort of enjoy doing that,† says Knight, who created a jock empire based on hero worship backed up with good product and great advertising. â€Å"Now that we reached a certain size there†s a fine line between being rebel and being a bully, and yeah, we have to walk that line.†Ã¢â‚¬  (Saporito 6) According to Knight he will continue to make the sport-wear giant successful any way he can. â€Å"The estimated net worth of co founder and current CEO Phil Knight is $5.4 billion, one of the wealthiest people in America.† (Miller 1) The issue remains whether the sports wear giant, Nike, will continue to do work in other countries, where labor is cheap and regulations are few, and not monitored on a normal basis. Nike will continue to exploit workers in these countries as long as America continues to buy the products. Nike, who recently spent $978 million in one year on advertising worldwide, depends upon Americans and their children to purchase its sneakers. Yet it locates 150 factories and some 350,000 jobs in Asia. Knight recently made the absurd and arrogant statement that, â€Å"Americans don†t want to make shoes.†Ã¢â‚¬  (Sanders 2) Is CEO Phil Knight right? Are American workers not willing to make the shoes that are so popular in stores and classrooms across the nation. If so, the exploitation will continue and Nike workers will remain underpaid and over worked in poor working conditions. How to cite The athletic apparel industry of Nike, Essay examples

Motherhood free essay sample

Who needs It? , she asks the readers to take on a whole new mindset and perspective on the institution of motherhood. In Rollins decade she talked briefly of overpopulation; flashing forward some forty years later the issue has only grown. It is time for us to re-visit Rollins essay and rethink the idea of motherhood; as well as, think of the possibility of limiting the amount of children a household is allowed o have. I believe that our nation needs to start thinking of the idea of limiting the amount of offspring a couple or single parent is allowed to have per household. If we embrace the idea now as well as look at the reasons for doing so; we are effectively preparing ourselves for the future when such restrictions could be made into laws. China could be the first country that comes to mind when one thinks of laws limiting child births; as it stands the people of China are limited to one per couple to reduce the overall estimated population of 1 Statistics provided by the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Motherhood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S Census Bureau have shown as of October, 2011, our current world population is 6,970,354,749 people. When Betty Rollin published her essay in 1970 it was estimated that the world population was at 3. 7 billion people. If we look at the numbers we will see that each decade the world population grows by one billion. The U. S Census Bureau projects that in April of 2012, the Earth will be home to an estimated seven billion inhabitants. This staggering number is to share all of our earths resources along with preserve them for future generations; this concept is known as sustainability. If our population continues to grow at the current of 1 billion people per ten years; how are we to reach a point of sustainability? Resources such as: potable water, fossil fuels and even fertile soil are presently at stake. It is popular belief that these resources can be replenished, which they can, but the length of time in which the resources need to replenish far exceeds the life expectancy of a human. Tens of thousands of years will go by before bones of dead life forms will break down into oil. Fertile soil can be depleted through over harvesting or grazing of livestock; as a result, will destroy the integrity of the soil. Hundreds of years could pass before the rock cycle breaks down the minerals in rocks, and distributes them throughout the land creating fertile soil. Even more freighting is that certain resources will not replenish. Aquifers that are tapped into for their clean potable water are a perfect example. The Ogallala Aquifer that lies miles beneath the United States Mid-West is an aquifer that once depleted will not replenish. It does not matter what our current population is; our citizens will consume our resources regardless. If we begin to limit the amount of children now; as a result, we could alleviate the problem of dwindling esources little by little. There is another factor that is contributing to growth of our global population. Technology and science have allowed the human species to have allowed us to grow rapidly; hence, lowering deaths in child birth and lengthening life expectancy. This would seem like a blessing to most but to others it can be seen as a future problem. It is a problem because our planet is only equipped to maintain a percentage of our species, as well as, all abiotic and biotic life forms. There is always a chance of a natural disaster, plague or war that will affect the verall population; consequently, thinning the population of our species. However, our advancements have seemingly allowed us to fght against natural selection in all aspects. If we as humans have the mental capacity and fortitude to combat mortality; certainly, we have the power to fght our own biology. Some could attempt to argue that motherhood is a biological instinct that is programed into women. Could this be the reason why there is such an influx in population growth? Is motherhood truly an instinct that is embedded in all women, or is merely a trait that is learned from our upbringing? Rollins suggest that mothering behavior is learned, not instincts. Her essay explores animal research that showed when an adolescent member of a species is placed with an older member, of the same animal species; the older will act in a maternal manner. This applied to both male and females who were mothered; meaning that the elder was once nurtured by a previous elder. When these methods were applied toa human baby the same effect could be seen; the child would respond to whoever is acting as a mother, regardless if the person is a male or female. The terms mothered, maternal or motherly nstincts could be viewed as a fallacy in light of the animal research Rollins had found. It is false because to suggest that only women can be endowed with these instincts is wrong; both male and females can be viewed as the mother. So long as the infant species is nurtured by an elder of the same species; consequently, the infant being nurtured will have learned motherly behavior. If we are to believe this research then we must not use biology as a means to Justify having children. If biology can be ruled out of the idea of motherhood, what else can be misleading to a female? Presumably that it is expected of a women and it is her duty as a female. Because a woman is bestowed with child bearing equipment so then should a woman procreate? Rollins writes in her essay, To choose not to use the equipment is no more blocking what is instinctive than it is for a man who, muscles or no, chooses not to be a weight lifter (Rollin 16) Just because a woman has the means does not necessarily mean she is required to have a child, and is not breaking a maternal instinct in the act of being childless. It would appear that there is another force at work in the motherhood myth, society. It is no secret that society plays a definite role in shaping the ideas of motherhood. Rollin goes over some of the pressures brought on by society more so with religion; in her essay she writes about the be fruitful and multiply idea. This is referring to what God said to Adam and Eve upon casting them out of Garden of Eden, and instructing them to go forth reproduce. Religion also plays a major role in child rearing by stating that intercourse is only for procreation and not for pleasure; the use of birth control and other contraceptives is frowned upon if not downright rong. We as a nation are millions of people shy of reaching the one billion mark like such countries as China and India; however we all share the problem of reaching a amongst couples, and possibly implementing the act; we could save future generations. Can we not look at their current situation as an example of the effects of overpopulation on a country, and the strain it puts on the resources of the country; or is it Just in our human nature to multiply beyond our means? Advancements in technology and science are being made every day and could help us reach a point of ustainability; this is an assumption that could turn out to be a gamble. What we do have in the meantime is the ability. We have the ability to deny our biology, social stigmas, and misconceptions. We have the ability to limit our numbers to save ourselves and the generations that will follow. The time might come when laws are passed limiting the number of children we could have; as I have said, we must begin to think of this possibility. This is why I believe that we should begin to embrace this idea; that procreation is a necessity for survival, but we do not all necessarily have to do it.

Market Structure and Technological Change Policy

Question: Discuss about the Market Structure and Technological Change Policy. Answer: Introduction: A natural monopoly is a type of monopoly that takes place due to high fixed costs as well as startup costs in order to operate a business in a detailed industry. This situation takes place when a single firm can supply the entire demand of the market for a commodity or service at a lower price as compared to other firms. This type of monopoly does not take place due to complicity or aggressive takeovers. One of the most common examples of natural monopoly is the utilities industry. Due to high cost structure of an industry, natural monopoly takes place. In order to offer the lowest unit price to customers, natural monopolies makes the use of limited resources more effectually (Baldwin Scott, 2013) Analysis A market refers to a particular place where commodities are acquired as well as sold. However, in economies, market indicates a particular place as well as an entire area where purchasers and sellers of a commodity are spread. Depending on the characteristics of competition, a market is mostly structured in different ways. One of the most common extreme forms of market competition is perfect competition. The most important characteristics of perfect competition are large number of buyers and sellers. As a result, the demand of individual purchaser comparative to the total demand is negligible and as a result, he cannot persuade the price of the commodity by his individual action (Lun, Hilmola, Goulielmos, Lai, Cheng, 2013). Under perfect competition, the supply of an individual seller is too small as compared to the total output and as a result, he is not able to persuade the cost of the product by his action alone. Another most imperative characteristic is that the firms are free to enter or leave the industry. Each of the firm under perfect competition manufactures and sells a homogenous good. The sellers also do not have an independent price policy under this market structure (Baldwin Scott, 2013). The above figure indicates the monopoly market structure under which there is only one producer or seller of a particular commodity. As a result, there is no difference between a firm and industry under this market structure. There is no competition under this market structure regarding the manufacturing or selling of a particular goods or services. There is a single producer and he is regarded as the price maker. Electricity companies are the most common type of example under monopoly (Bauer, 2013) The above figure shows the change of a firm from perfectly competitive market to a monopoly market. Under the perfect competition, firms mostly earn normal profits where price equals marginal cost. Under perfectly competitive market, firms produce at price Pm a quantity of Qm. The graph shows the intersection of demand and supply curve in order to evaluate the price and quantity of a product. The major purpose of the graph is to show that demand of a firm no longer remain perfectly elastic as the firm gets shifted from perfectly competitive market to monopoly market. The graph shows that under perfect competition, X-axis is equivalent to the horizontal straight line. However, the MR (marginal revenue) curve is below the AR curve under monopoly market (Baumol Blinder, 2015) It is important to understand the structure of the market in which a firm operates as it helps to determine the total number of firms in the market. It also helps to determine the degree to which the industry is vertically incorporated. The turnover of customers is also determined with the help of market structure (Hawley, 2015) The natural monopolies economies of scale are very important so that minimum efficient scale is not accomplished until the firm has become very large in relation to the total size of the market. Minimum efficient scale is the level of output at which all scale economies are exploited. Natural monopolies are popular in markets for essential services that require an exclusive infrastructure in order to deliver the commodity or service. As there is a probability to exploit monopoly power, the governments mostly have a tendency to nationalize as well as regulate them. There are several disadvantages that are associated with natural monopoly and the most common type of disadvantage is that there is no customer sovereignty. Customers are also likely get charged with high prices for low quality products and services. The lack of competition also leads to low quality products and also outdated services (Carvalho Marques, 2014) The government intervenes in the market of natural monopoly with the objective of reducing the dead weight loss and increase social welfare. According to the views of (Redmond, 2013), during natural monopoly, the producer has the potential of increasing the profit by increasing the price at such a high level that the consumers utility reduces rapidly. The government counters this situation by reducing the price level of the natural monopoly. The situation can be depicted in the figure below: As shown in the figure above, the producer who is producing in the natural monopoly market can produce where his marginal cost (MC) is equal to the marginal revenue (MR). This helps him in charging a price level of Pm at which the output supplied is Qm. As stated by (Stiglitz, 2015), this makes the society incur a loss. This is called the dead weight loss. The consumers also lose a proportion of their consumer surplus. To balance the situation the government intervenes in the natural monopoly market. The government can set a price level which will maximize the social welfare and also benefit the consumers and the producer as well. Following the views of (Scitovsky, 2013), the government can set the price level where the marginal cost is equal to the demand curve or the average revenue curve of the monopolist. This will increase the level of efficiency in the market. It will also benefit the consumers as the price level (Pe) will be much lower than the monopoly level of Pm. The quantity supplied at this level of price by the producer will also increase from Qm to Qe. But while doing so, the producer will incur a loss. At the output level Qm the producer will only get his marginal cost of production. The marginal cost of production only connects to the total variable cost of production. The total fixed cost will be still there for the producer. If by selling Qe quantity the producer only gets the marginal cost, he will incur a loss. The primary objective of the government is to increase the social welfare and reduce dead weight Loss. While doing so, if the government makes the price ceiling at Pe, the company will incur a loss as his total cost of production will not be recovered by selling at the level of quantity Qe. Hence, the objective of the government to increase social welfare will not be met at this point although the efficiency level will increase in the society. As stated by (Lim, 2015), at this level of price there is a chance of the producer leaving the market as the producer has no way of gathering his fixed cost back from the market. As stated by (Schubert, 2013), to address this issue the government can reduce the level of price to that level where the average revenue (AR) is equal to the average total cost (AC). This situation can also be written as: the government can set the price level at that point where the demand is equal to the average cost. Here, the price level will be Pr and the quantity will be Qr. At this point of production, the market looks similar to a perfectly competitive market. At this point of production the level of price rice is greater than Pe and lower than Pm. The quantity supplied at this level of price, Qr, is greater than Qm and lower than Qe. This shows that the consumers will not be better off at this level of price than in the monopoly price level. The quantity supplied at this level of price is also much higher which will benefit the consumers. In the views of (Simon, 2015), the social welfare will also increase at this level of price. There will be no dead weight loss associated to this level of production. The producer will also can recover the cost of production and hence will not incur a loss. The producer can enjoy normal profit at this level of production, which is not the case at price level Pe. Hence, it will benefit the consumer, producer, and the society as well. Deviating from the price output combination (Pr, Qr) will make any of the market agents worse off. Hence, it can be said that this combination represents a win-win situation. Conclusion There are various types of market structure that can be present in an economy regarding a good or a service. The monopoly market also can be divided into different categories like pure monopoly, natural monopoly, and others. In case of pure monopoly, the producer has to make sure that there remains a barrier to enter the market for other producers. For this purpose he uses his resources, which in turn increases his cost of production. The natural monopoly presents a situation where the monopoly market exists without any such initiative taken by the producer. This situation gives the producer the potential of charging a price which can lead to market failure due to inefficiency and as a result, the society can incur a dead weight loss. The consumers will also be worse off. The government thus intervenes in a natural monopoly market. The objective of the government is to reduce the dead weight loss of the society and to help the consumers to get a certain level of utility. For this pur pose, the government will set the price of the commodity or service at a level where the average revenue or the demand is equal to the average cost. This will ensure that the consumers will pay less for the products and the social welfare will be maximized. The producer will also enjoy normal profit here. It can also be concluded that there is no competition under monopoly market structure regarding the manufacturing or selling of a particular goods or services. References Baldwin, W., Scott, J. (2013).Market structure and technological change(Vol. 18). Taylor Francis. Bauer, P. T. (2013).West African trade: A study of competition, oligopoly and monopoly in a changing economy. Cambridge University Press. Baumol, W. J., Blinder, A. S. (2015).Microeconomics: Principles and policy. Cengage Learning. Carvalho, P., Marques, R. C. (2014). Computing economies of vertical integration, economies of scope and economies of scale using partial frontier nonparametric methods.European Journal of Operational Research,234(1), 292-307. Hawley, E. W. (2015).The New Deal and the problem of monopoly. Princeton University Press. Lim, C. S. (2015). Dynamic natural monopoly regulation: Time inconsistency, moral hazard, and political environments. Stanford : Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, mimeo, November. Lun, Y. V., Hilmola, O. P., Goulielmos, A. M., Lai, K. H., Cheng, T. E. (2013). Oil Tanker Economics: A Case of Oligopsony or of Perfect Competition?. InOil Transport Management(pp. 27-62). Springer London. Redmond, W. (2013). Three modes of competition in the marketplace. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 423-446. Schubert, C. (2013). Is novelty always a good thing? Towards an evolutionary welfare economics. In The Two Sides of Innovation. Springer International Publishing. Scitovsky, T. (2013). Welfare Competition. Routledge., (Vol. 103). Simon, H. (2015). Prices and Decisions. In Confessions of the Pricing Man . Springer International Publishing. Stiglitz, J. E. (2015). Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. . WW Norton Company.

Crucible Essays (458 words) - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

Crucible In Arthur Miller's, "The Crucible," many themes are expressed throughout the play. Themes are the undertone of the story. A theme of a book usually sets the mood and describes what is happening during the time that the story is written. "The Crucible" has many themes that show how everything was and how everyone acted in the year of 1692, in Salem, Massachusetts. Mass hysteria is the most obvious theme in the story. Mass hysteria is represented everywhere trouble was. One example is at the end of act one when the girls are screaming, crying, and starting to accuse people of being with the devil. When this happens, everyone gets scared and calls the marshal. The marshal begins to arrest people and brings them to court. The whole reason mass hysteria broke out is because of Abigail. One vengeful accusation from Abigail to her rival, Elizabeth Proctor, turns the whole village upside down. This confusion and madness is one of the main reasons so many lives were taken at the trials. This becomes a place where reasonable human beings can become released in an environment that allows little opportunity for relaxing. Another theme during the play is how much religion ruled these peoples lives. The court was the main ruling body of justice and was run by the church. The concept of justice in 1692 is shown when Arthur Miller dedicates the entire third act to the courtroom. Abigail pressures the girls to lie in court in order to accuse everyone that they didn't get along with of witchcraft. The separation of church and government didn't exist in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts. Theocracy meant that Massachusetts was to be governed by God's laws. But this mixing up of the laws of God and the laws of government set up the chaos of the Salem witch trials. Greed and revenge was another major aspect that was shown in the story. Several characters find profit in this mass hysteria and try to change some events for their own needs and well-being. Thomas Putnam gains land by having his daughter Ruth accuse his neighbors of witchcraft. Also, Abigail gets revenge on the Proctors when her affair with John has been turned off. Superstition was the biggest cause of these trials. There were no real witches in Salem. Without the superstitious belief in witchcraft, this tragedy would have never happened. Arthur Miller clearly explains the how people react to things they do not understand. These were examples why The Salem Witch Trials happened. The theme of the story keeps the plot going. Themes are one of the most important parts in a play. Arthur Miller gives good examples and explains what it was really like back in 1692 by showing how people acted. All these different moods and themes led up to the witch trials. If all these untrusting feelings, superstitions, and attitudes didn't exist the trials would have probably never existed.

How to Refer to Governmental Administrative Bodies

How to Refer to Governmental Administrative Bodies How to Refer to Governmental Administrative Bodies How to Refer to Governmental Administrative Bodies By Mark Nichol Nomenclature for US government entities can be complicated. Here are some guidelines about how to style names of administrative jurisdictions, departments, and agencies: Name Versions The formal style for Cabinet-level departments is â€Å"the Department of State,† for example, though journalistic style often up-ends this form as, for instance, â€Å"the State Department.† Informally, a department may simply be called â€Å"State† or â€Å"Interior† or â€Å"Justice.† Some departments are also recognized by their initials (DOJ for â€Å"Department of Justice,† for example), though abbreviations should be used only on second reference (an editing term that actually means â€Å"all subsequent references†), after the name is spelled out the first time it is used. Abbreviated forms of names should be preceded by the (â€Å"the DOJ,† for example), unless the abbreviation is an acronym (pronounced as a word), such as OSHA (the abbreviation for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration), which is pronounced â€Å"oh-shuh,† not â€Å"(the) oh-es-aitch-ay.† Be sure, too, that identification is unambiguous. Two Cabinet-level departments the Department of Education and the Department of Energy can be abbreviated DOE, so if both departments are mentioned in a particular article or book, it’s best not to use the abbreviation. Also, the designation US often precedes a department or agency name to distinguish it from a state-level entity of the same name or a similar foreign entity, whether such an entity is mentioned in the same piece of content or not. (Note that many publications and Web sites continue to use initial periods in US, but the latest edition of The Chicago Manual of Style advises that periods now be omitted from the abbreviation.) When an entity is referred to generically, even if the term is part of the entity’s name, the wording should, by definition, be lowercase: â€Å"the department,† â€Å"the bureau† (for the Federal Bureau of Investigation, for example), â€Å"the postal service† (in reference to the US Postal Service). Entities themselves often capitalize such shorthand, but that doesn’t mean you have to. Name Changes Beware of new nomenclature: The agency long known as the US Immigration and Naturalization Service was dismantled and most of its functions and responsibilities taken up by the newly created agency US Citizenship and Immigration Services in 2003. In nonfiction referring to immigration before that date, this information should be given to inform readers of the distinction; in fiction set before that year, the former agency, not its successor, should be mentioned in references to the US government’s immigration policies. Likewise, what has been known as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (but is still abbreviated CDC) for twenty years has undergone half a dozen name changes since the Office of National Defense Malaria Control Activities was established in 1942. These are only two examples illustrating that writers should take care to identify government entities according to the historical context in which their articles and books take place. When it comes to identifying government entities, due diligent research to make sure your usage is accurate. Don’t let your writing be merely, as the saying goes, good enough for government work. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Spelling Test 160 Synonyms for â€Å"Trip†Double Possessive